源码地址:https://github.com/nangongchengfeng/Kubernetes/tree/main/wordpress-example
Kubernetes实战模拟六,已经构建wordpress的账号信息加密,和时间校准。
版本6
思路:想mysql和wordpress的数据持久化,总不能把数据放到容器中,如果容器重启或者删除,那么数据将都会消失的。接下来我们采用nfs实践(其实后端存储使用ceph比较好,安全性和高可用。这边方便演示采用nfs)
NFS
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#安装
yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
mkdir -p /data/nfsdata
# 修改配置
$ vim /etc/exports
/data/nfsdata 192.168.31.* (rw,async,no_root_squash)
# 使配置生效
$ exportfs -r
# 服务端查看下是否生效
$ showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/data/nfsdata (everyone)
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helm安装nfs-client
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stable https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts
helm添加这个源
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下载helm包
helm pull aliyuncs/nfs-client-provisioner
解压
tar -zxvf nfs-client-provisioner-1.2.8.tgz
修复values.yaml 三处
image:
repository: quay.io/external_storage/nfs-client-provisioner
tag: v3.1.0-k8s1.11
pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
nfs:
server: 192.168.31.73
path: /data/nfsdata
reclaimPolicy: Retain
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安装
helm install nfs-client-provisioner -n nfs .
卸载
helm uninstall -n nfs nfs-client-provisioner
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mysql数据持久化
mysql-nfs.yaml.yaml
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apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: mysql-nfs
namespace: kube-example
labels:
app: mysql
spec:
storageClassName: "nfs-client" #存储后端
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce #允许一个容器连接,读写
resources:
requests:
storage: 1G #存储量
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mysql.yaml
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apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: wordpress-mysql
namespace: kube-example
labels:
app: wordpress
spec:
selector:
app: wordpress
tier: mysql
ports:
- port: 3306
targetPort: dbport
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: wordpress-mysql
namespace: kube-example
labels:
app: wordpress
tier: mysql
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
name: wordpress-mysql
labels:
app: wordpress
tier: mysql
spec:
containers:
- name: mysql
image: mysql:5.6
args:
- --character-set-server=utf8mb4
- --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
name: mysql-nfs
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
name: dbport
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
name: db.conf
- name: MYSQL_DATABASE
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: MYSQL_DATABASE
name: db.conf
- name: MYSQL_USER
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
name: db.conf
- name: MYSQL_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
name: db.conf
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
cpu: 1000m
memory: 400Mi
requests:
cpu: 1000m
memory: 400Mi
startupProbe: #首次启动探测(如果没有成功,不会运行下面livenessProbe)
tcpSocket:
port: 3306
failureThreshold: 2 #探测成功后,最少连续探测失败多少次才被认定为失败。默认是3。最小值是1。
initialDelaySeconds: 20 # 容器启动后第一次执行探测是需要等待多少秒
timeoutSeconds: 10 # 探测超时时间。默认1秒,最小1秒。
periodSeconds: 10 # 执行探测的频率。默认是10秒,最小1秒。
restartPolicy: Always
volumes:
- name: mysql-nfs
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: mysql-nfs
selector:
matchLabels:
app: wordpress
tier: mysql
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wordpress数据持久化
wordpress-nfs.yaml
但是由于 Wordpress 应用是多个副本,所以需要同时在多个节点进行读写,也就是 accessModes
需要 ReadWriteMany
模式
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apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: wordpress-nfs
namespace: kube-example
labels:
app: wordpress
spec:
storageClassName: "nfs-client"
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 2G
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wordpress.yaml
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apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: wordpress
namespace: kube-example
spec:
selector:
app: wordpress
tier: frontend
ports:
- port: 80
name: web
targetPort: wdport
type: ClusterIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: wordpress
namespace: kube-example
labels:
app: wordpress
tier: frontend
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: wordpress
tier: frontend
replicas: 3 #多副本+pod的反亲合力可以实现pod的高可用
template:
metadata:
name: wordpress
labels:
app: wordpress
tier: frontend
spec:
containers:
- name: wordpress
image: wordpress:5.3.2-apache
ports:
- containerPort: 80
name: wdport
#pvc挂载到容器目录
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/www/html
name: wordpress-nfs
env:
- name: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST
name: db.conf
- name: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
name: db.conf
- name: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
name: db.conf
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
cpu: 800m
memory: 150Mi
requests:
cpu: 800m
memory: 150Mi
startupProbe: #首次启动探测(如果没有成功,不会运行下面livenessProbe)
httpGet:
port: 80
failureThreshold: 2 #探测成功后,最少连续探测失败多少次才被认定为失败。默认是3。最小值是1。
initialDelaySeconds: 20 # 容器启动后第一次执行探测是需要等待多少秒
timeoutSeconds: 10 # 探测超时时间。默认1秒,最小1秒。
periodSeconds: 5 # 执行探测的频率。默认是10秒,最小1秒。
readinessProbe: # (就绪检查) # 如果检查失败,kubernetes会把Pod从service endpoints中剔除
tcpSocket:
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 10
timeoutSeconds: 5
failureThreshold: 5
periodSeconds: 5
successThreshold: 3
affinity:
podAffinity:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- weight: 1
podAffinityTerm:
topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
labelSelector:
matchExpressions:
- key: app
operator: In
values:
- wordpress
restartPolicy: Always
#挂载的pvc
volumes:
- name: wordpress-nfs
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: wordpress-nfs
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测试
现在删除或者重启pod的数据都不会丢失,我们已经把数据放在固定的节点,通过网络进行访问
但是,NFS只适合测试环境,或者数据不重要的前提下。如果数据重要,我们需要使用ceph来作为Kubernetes的存储后端
好了,我们wordpress模拟接近尾声,但是我这些只完成一版,生产环境远远比这复杂和安全,我们后期可以不断慢慢的完善